The main components of fish bile are cholic acid, taurocholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, water soluble baitol sodium sulfate, hydrocyanic acid, histamine and so on. It was suggested that the caffeine present in the bile acids of Cyprinidae was poisonous, but it was later confirmed that the substance was not toxic. Until the 90s of last century, Japanese scholars from the carp bile isolated from a substance 5α-carp alcohol sulfate, confirmed that the substance is toxic. In general, it is generally believed that the cortisol sulfate, represented by sodium acetate, is the main toxic component of fish. In addition, bile in the histamine, hydrocyanic acid, cholic acid, etc. will also cause damage to human tissue.
Animal experiments and clinical evidence, fish bile poisoning can lead to liver and kidney and other organ damage, causing liver degeneration, necrosis and renal tubular damage, collecting tube obstruction, glomerular filtration and other hazards, in the short term that lead to liver and kidney functional failure, clinically known as multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, severe multiple organ failure occurs.
It need to be reminded that the toxic substances in the fish bile alcohol sodium sulfate can stand high temperature and acid, it is not easily destroyed by acid and ethanol. Therefore, eat fish bile are likely to cause poisoning.